Dr. Abida Rafiq

Pakistan is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change impacts. The country is experiencing a wide range of climate change-related challenges, including increasing temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, melting …

A significant turning point in India’s socio-political history was the demolition of the Babri Mosque and the subsequent building of the Ram Mandir, especially in relation to minorities’ religious rights. …

The resistance movement within Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) has been significantly and diversely influenced by Kashmiri women. Despite the difficulties and complexity of the struggle, women in …

The term “military-industrial complex” was indeed coined by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower in his Farewell Address on January 17, 1961. He highlighted the need to maintain a balance and …

The deployment of the S-400 air defense system by India at its Bhuj Rudra Mata Air Force Base has significant implications for Pakistan. The proximity of the base to the …

THE defence partnership between Pakistan and China has emerged as a vital component of both nations’ security strategies. With a longstanding friendship and a shared interest in regional stability, Pakistan …

The AUKUS submarine deal, announced in September 2021, involves the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia partnering to provide Australia with nuclear-powered submarines. While the deal primarily focuses on …

Pakistan, a country located in South Asia, has been actively pursuing the development of its civil nuclear program for several decades. While the primary objective of Pakistan’s nuclear program is …

The Kashmiri conflict, which has been ongoing for decades, has had a significant impact on the lives of Kashmiri women, who have suffered in multiple ways. The conflict in Kashmir …