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In the early days of May 2025, India and Pakistan engaged in a multi-domain war. It was contested using 125 aircraft with ranges over 160 kilometers (km) as well as a variety of drones. For the first time in decades, major cities and military installations were struck directly using artificial intelligence (AI) targeting. This confrontation between nuclear-armed neighbors in South Asia gave observers a glimpse of the alarming future of warfare in the region with the integration of AI into defense.
Center for International Strategic Studies Azad Jammu and Kashmir was established in Muzaffarabad on November 01, 2022. It is an autonomous, non-profit, non-partisan and multidisciplinary Research Center with a focus not limited to Kashmir only, but the regional and global dynamics influencing Pakistan.