In a significant diplomatic development, Pakistan has secured prominent leadership roles within the United Nations, signaling growing recognition of its constructive engagement in multilateral forums and a substantial counter to …
Muhammad Shahzad
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Opinion Articles
Regional Arms Control at Risk: The K-4 Missile and Its Escalating Impact on South Asia
An illustration highlighting the K-4 missile alongside key military assets, symbolizing the intensifying arms buildup in South Asia.The K-4, also known as Kalam-4, is an intermediate-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) …
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Global arms control regimes are built on the pillars of trust, dialogue, transparency, mutual respect, restraint, verification, and, most critically, consensus among great powers. However, leadership in this domain risks deterioration …
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In the contemporary complex global security dynamic, traditional arms control regime has been teetering due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, rapid nuclear modernization, unchecked missile technology expansion of India, …
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Abstract The cyber conflicts between India and Pakistan, stemming from their longstanding geopolitical rivalry, have materialized in significant events such as the OGDCL virus attack and the Bhabha Atomic Research …
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Opinion Articles
Analyzing Cyber Threats to Missile and Satellite Systems: Strategic Options for Pakistan
A significant rise in the trend of cyber-related incidents affecting missile and satellite systems. These incidents are caused by human error, system malfunction, and intentional targeting. Notably, there has been a shift towards deliberate targeting …
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The situation in Kosovo, which declared its independence from Serbia in 2008 and has a substantial ethnic Serb minority, has been complex due to Serbia’s continued claim that Kosovo is …
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THE US government’s shift towards local manufacturing, as highlighted in Joe Biden’s first address to Congress, marks a new era in the global economy. Joe Biden’s statement about producing wind …
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Climate change will transform Russia from a struggling superpower to a global superpower once again. The three significant geographic challenges that have limited Russia’s development are most of its land …
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A recent report by RAND Cooperation titled “Evolving Cyber Operations” provides a comprehensive analysis of cyber operations and capabilities, particularly focusing on the lessons from the Ukraine conflict. It presents a …