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CISSAJK
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Author

Muhammad Shahzad

Muhammad Shahzad

Research Officer, working on Arms Control and Disarmament.

  • Opinion Articles

    A New Big Stick-on Nonproliferation

    by Muhammad Shahzad November 17, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad November 17, 2025

    Amid the recent U.S.-led attacks on Iranian nuclear installations (Operation Midnight Hammer, June 2025) and with new high-profile threats of nuclear proliferation, Washington is considering an out-of-the-box solution to the problem. A …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Pakistan’s Commitment to Global Non-Proliferation

    by Muhammad Shahzad September 1, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad September 1, 2025

    Key Highlights from UNSC Resolution 1540 StatementPakistan’s representative emphasized that non-proliferation is a “shared global objective” that must be pursued within the framework of the UN Charter. Islamabad called for …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Discriminatory Nature of the Arms Control and Non-Proliferation Regime

    by Muhammad Shahzad August 18, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad August 18, 2025

    In the contemporary global security environment, the arms control regime faces mounting pressures: the Russian invasion of Ukraine and its impact on strategic stability, ongoing nuclear modernization programs by several …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Restoring Credibility Through Constructive Diplomacy

    by Muhammad Shahzad June 19, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad June 19, 2025

    In a significant diplomatic development, Pakistan has secured prominent leadership roles within the United Nations, signaling growing recognition of its constructive engagement in multilateral forums and a substantial counter to …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Regional Arms Control at Risk: The K-4 Missile and Its Escalating Impact on South Asia

    by Muhammad Shahzad June 16, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad June 16, 2025

    An illustration highlighting the K-4 missile alongside key military assets, symbolizing the intensifying arms buildup in South Asia.The K-4, also known as Kalam-4, is an intermediate-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) …

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  • Opinion Articles

    How Trade Disputes Threaten the Future of Arms Control

    by Muhammad Shahzad June 10, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad June 10, 2025

    Global arms control regimes are built on the pillars of trust, dialogue, transparency, mutual respect, restraint, verification, and, most critically, consensus among great powers. However, leadership in this domain risks deterioration …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Can Peace Talks Open the Door to Renewed Arms Control Between Russia and the US?

    by Muhammad Shahzad April 21, 2025
    by Muhammad Shahzad April 21, 2025

    In the contemporary complex global security dynamic, traditional arms control regime has been teetering due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, rapid nuclear modernization, unchecked missile technology expansion of India, …

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  • Research Paper

    India-Pakistan in Cyberspace: Pakistan’s Path to Cyber Resilience

    by Muhammad Shahzad November 11, 2024
    by Muhammad Shahzad November 11, 2024

    Abstract The cyber conflicts between India and Pakistan, stemming from their longstanding geopolitical rivalry, have materialized in significant events such as the OGDCL virus attack and the Bhabha Atomic Research …

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  • Opinion Articles

    Analyzing Cyber Threats to Missile and Satellite Systems: Strategic Options for Pakistan

    by Muhammad Shahzad June 10, 2024
    by Muhammad Shahzad June 10, 2024

    A significant rise in the trend of cyber-related incidents affecting missile and satellite systems. These incidents are caused by human error, system malfunction, and intentional targeting. Notably, there has been a shift towards deliberate targeting …

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  • Opinion Articles

    How Europe’s Next War Could Start In The Balkans

    by Muhammad Shahzad March 13, 2024
    by Muhammad Shahzad March 13, 2024

    The situation in Kosovo, which declared its independence from Serbia in 2008 and has a substantial ethnic Serb minority, has been complex due to Serbia’s continued claim that Kosovo is …

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Newer Posts
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Recent Posts

  • The Algorithmic Trigger: AI, OODA Loops, and Nuclear Command in South Asia

  • The Kashmir Question in a Changing World: Beyond August 2019

  • The NSG, Non-NPT States and the Future of Nonproliferation Norms in South Asia

  • Pakistan’s Climate Crisis: From COP Pledges to Fiscal Reality

  • Azadi: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction

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About CISS AJK

Center for International Strategic Studies Azad Jammu and Kashmir was established in Muzaffarabad on November 01, 2022. It is an autonomous, non-profit,  non-partisan and multidisciplinary Research Center with a focus not limited to Kashmir only, but the regional and global dynamics influencing Pakistan. 

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