The power plant has drawn global attention as it adopts High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor-Pebble-bed Module (HTR-PM), which has ability to avoid reactors from a meltdown or leak of radioactive material during the extreme conditions or disasters. The Generation IV International Forum (GIF) established in 2000, by the US Department of Energy and formally chartered in mid-2001. It is an international collective representing the governments of 13 countries committed to joint development of the next generation of nuclear technology. The focus is on four key pillars: sustainability, economics, safety and proliferation resistance. Safety is a supreme focus for Generation IV reactors. These safety measures include passive systems that allow the reactor to naturally shut down if needed, without requiring operator intervention and to stop the radioactive material from leakage. These reactors have another important feature incorporated which is a negative coolant coefficient, allowing automatic shutdown if coolant temperature rises. In terms of sustainability, the goal is to reuse and recycle waste fuel. By efficiently repurposing this recycled fuel in new reactor designs would extend nuclear energy lifespan for centuries. This approach reduces the need for constantly mining new uranium, slowing down resource depletion compared to previous generations. On the economic front, Generation IV reactors focus on cost efficiency. Mitigating concerns about nuclear proliferation is an important aspect in the global shift to sustainable energy. By keeping uranium and plutonium mixed in the spent fuel of Generation IV reactors, the process of extracting plutonium becomes more challenging for using this material in the development of nuclear weapons. Since 1986, China has played a pivotal role in advancing Pakistan’s nuclear technology facilitating the construction of nuclear power plants. Chashma Nuclear Power Plant-1 (C-1), C-2, C-3 and C-4 were developed with China’s support. Currently, China is helping Pakistan build a new and large 1,200-megawatt nuclear reactor. Considering the advancements in Generation IV nuclear reactor technology, Pakistan should explore collaboration with China to acquire and implement this technology. This would not only enhance safety in its nuclear power infrastructure but also address sustainability concerns and meet Pakistan’s power needs more effectively. —The writer is an Associate Research officer at CISS AJK working on nuclear politics. Email: hirakhan5090@gmail.com views expressed are writer’s own.