Nazia Sheikh

The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START) expired on 5 February 2026. This expiration marked the first time since the early 1970s that there would be no other agreement …

Abstract The global nonproliferation regime’s ability to adapt to changing geopolitical conditions and uphold established rules is essential to its integrity. A fundamental requirement for membership in the Nuclear Suppliers …

The Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority promotes nuclear safety and security internationally through adherence to international standards, collaborations, and knowledge exchange with other countries. The institution ensures that Pakistan’s nuclear program …

CTBT prohibits all nuclear weapon test explosions, but has not been legally implemented yet. Its strength is based on its legal and moral weight and its verification regime, which is …

Following the signing of the Pakistan–Saudi Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) in September 2025, under which “any aggression against either country shall be considered an aggression against both,” several misleading …

The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty was signed between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1987; it lasted until the United States withdrew in 2019. It contributed to …

The IAEA Atoms for Water Scientific Forum was held from 16 to 17 September in the IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria, as a side event at the 69th IAEA General …

CERN was established in 1954 by European Countries based on the notion “Science for Peace” as the world’s leading particle Physics Centre based in Geneva. Not only this, CERN is …

In response to India’s nuclear test in 1974, the multilateral export control organization Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) was established, an alliance of 48 countries that committed to controlling the export, …

The recent decision by China to sign the Southeast Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone (SEANWFZ) treaty marked a significant shift in regional nuclear diplomacy and a positive step for nonproliferation and arms …