The Ghost in the Orbit: How Hybrid Surveillance Reshapes Risks

by Zohaib Altaf

On February 5, 2026, the formal expiration of the New START Treaty removed the final terrestrial guardrail of nuclear transparency between the United States and the Russian Federation, leaving global security in a state of strategic blindness. This treaty, which for 14 years limited deployed strategic nuclear warheads and allowed for rigorous on-site inspections, lapsed without a follow-on agreement. While diplomatic proposals for extensions surfaced in late 2025, they lacked the critical verification measures that historically defined the treaty’s success.