For nearly three decades, India has steadily explored pathways for military escalation below the nuclear threshold. This approach has evolved through doctrines such as the Sunderji Doctrine, Cold Start Doctrine, …
Opinion Articles
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The trickier issue is governance – how these assets will be treated once they become part of a contested space environment. Drone attacks on data centre facilities in the United Arab Emirates …
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Opinion Articles
Targeting Nuclear Plants Undermines Global Safety Norms
by Nazia Sheikhby Nazia SheikhIn 1986, at a power plant in Ukraine, then part of the Soviet Union, a major incident occurred – the Chernobyl disaster. A reactor exploded and caught fire, releasing a …
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For thousands of Kashmiris living along the Line of Control, separation is not an abstract political reality, but a daily emotional burden carried through missed funerals, distant Eid greetings, and …
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Opinion Articles
Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos: Re-balancing Deterrence in South Asia
by Nazia Sheikhby Nazia SheikhThe May 2025 crisis between India and Pakistan demonstrated Pakistan’s ability to handle a high-tech, intensive military aggression without passing the nuclear threshold. By prioritizing targeted, restricted reprisal over significant escalation, …
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THERE are moments in a nation’s history that come to define its institutional resilience, strategic posture and national cohesion. Marka-e-Haq – the Battle of Truth – represents one such moment …
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In international relations, there are no permanent friends or enemies, only permanent interests. John Mearshimer’s offensive realism explains the structural reality that capabilities matter more than intent. Today’s strategic partner …
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It has been a year since Marka-e-Haq. What is still striking is not how bad the crisis was but how well Pakistan handled it. In a region where small incidents …
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Despite speculations, it is not yet known when Iran and the United States (US) may resume negotiations, as both countries have hit a stalemate following the so-called first round in Islamabad. There …
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In his “Ile Longue” speech on March 2, 2026”, French President Emmanuel Macron delivered a message that will echo across European capitals for years to come. For the first time, …